HUES OF INDIA

Delhi’s Shifting Shape: From Mughal Walls to Multi-Nuclei Sprawl IMAGE- MASTER PLAN FOR DELHI 2021 (SHOWING MODIFICATIONS UPTO 31/08/2022) Overview Delhi has never been just one city. It has been a Mughal capital, a British administrative hub, an independent India’s seat of power, and now the core of a vast urban agglomeration stretching across Noida, Gurgaon, and Faridabad. What ties all these avatars together is the way Delhi’s urban morphology—its physical form and internal structure—keeps reinventing itself. In its earliest phase, Delhi resembled the textbook Concentric Zone Theory. Shahjahanabad (Old Delhi) was the crowded historic core, tightly packed with bazaars and residences, and around it grew layers—colonial New Delhi with its broad avenues, followed by post-independence colonies and institutional campuses. Even today, standing at Connaught Place, one can sense that “core-and-ring” pattern. But Delhi has long since burst out of that shell. By 2023, the city’s built-up area ...

 Weber’s Theory in Economic Geography: Understanding Industrial Location in Modern India Economic geography studies how economic activities are distributed across space, influenced by factors such as resource availability, transportation, labor, and market accessibility. One of the most influential theories in this field is Alfred Weber’s Theory of Industrial Location. Proposed in 1909, this theory explains why industries choose specific locations based on cost-minimization principles. Even today, Weber’s theory remains relevant, guiding industrial development and urban planning, particularly in emerging economies like India. https://blogmedia.testbook.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/webers_location_triangle-16c6a93a.jpg Understanding Weber’s Theory of Industrial Location Weber's theory focuses on three primary factors influencing industrial location: 1. Transportation Costs: Industries tend to locate near raw material sources or markets to minimize transport expenses. If raw m...

 The Blue Carbon Revolution: How Applied Oceanography is Fighting Climate Change     https://img.jagranjosh.com/imported/images/E/Articles/Blue-Carbon-img.jpg In the fight against climate change, scientists and policymakers are looking beyond forests and terrestrial ecosystems for carbon storage solutions. One of the most promising frontiers is the ocean—specifically, "blue carbon" ecosystems such as mangroves, seagrasses, and salt marshes. These natural habitats not only support biodiversity but also act as powerful carbon sinks, absorbing and storing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) more efficiently than most land-based ecosystems. Applied oceanography is playing a crucial role in understanding, managing, and enhancing these blue carbon systems, turning the ocean into an ally in our climate battle. The Science Behind Blue Carbon Oceans cover over 70% of the Earth's surface, making them the largest active carbon sink. However, traditional carbon sequestration discussions...

Introduction Urban sprawl has long been a challenge for modern cities. The expansion of urban areas into the suburbs has led to increased commuting times, environmental degradation, and a decline in community interactions. One of the most innovative solutions to this problem is the concept of the 15-Minute City- a model that aims to make urban life more sustainable, efficient, and livable. What is the 15-Minute City? The 15-Minute City is an urban planning concept where all essential services—workplaces, schools, healthcare, shopping, and recreational spaces—are accessible within a 15-minute walk or bike ride from a person’s home. This idea, popularized by French urbanist Carlos Moreno, aims to reduce car dependency, promote walkability, and enhance local economies. How Does It Address Urban Sprawl? 1. Reducing Commuting Distances Urban sprawl forces people to travel long distances for work and basic necessities, increasing traffic congestion and air pollution. The 15-Minute City reduc...

LAND OF 36 FORTS Chhattisgarh was once a part of Madhya Pradesh; On 1st November 2000, this state was formed by separating sixteen Chhattisgarhi speaking districts. It is a landlocked state and shares it boundary with Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Odisha, Jharkhand. Chhattisgarh is divided in 33 districts & it have 11 Lok Sabha, 5 Rajya Sabha and 90 Assembly seats. Northern & Southern areas of the state are hilly ; Although prominent range is Maikal Hills, which is part of Satpura range. Gaurlata in Northern region is the highest peak. *Important river is Mahandi ; which is also called Ganga of Chhattisgarh, it originates from Dhamtari district of Chhattisgarh and flow towards Odisha & fall in Bay of Bengal. Another important river is Rihand (originates from Sarguja district). Two National Parks are there- 1) Guru Ghasidas or Sanjay National Park 2) Kanger Valley National Park This state is rich in mineral resources , major minerals-...

Uttar Pradesh is India's most populated state & on the basis of area it is India's 4th largest state. It shares its border with  6 states, 1 union territory and 1 country. It have 80 Lok Sabha, 31 Rajya Sabha, 403 Assembly seats and 100 Council seats. On its north, there is Himalaya's southern most range - Shivalik Hills ; Highest peak of Shivalik Hills in Uttar Pradesh is Amsol. Most of UP's area is covered with India's largest flood plain- Gangetic Plains. Here we find extremely fertile soil (Alluvial soil). In south, it have Vindhyan  Range ; It psses from Jhansi, Jalaun, Hamirpur, Banda, Allahabad/Prayagraj , Varanasi & Mirzapur. Highest peak of this range is Sadhbhavna Shikhar or Good will peak. 31 Major Rivers exist here , of which Ganga & its largest tributary Yamuna are prominent ones. Tributaries of Rv. Ganga are Kosi, Sharda, Ghaghar, Gomti, Gandak & Son. Tributaries of Rv. Yamuna are Chambal, Betwa & Ken. Important Dam - India's la...

BIHAR is a land locked state, sharing its borders with Nepal, West Bengal, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh. It  is India's 3rd largest state in population & 12th largest state by area. 40 Lok Sabha, 16 Rajya Sabha, 243 Assembly seats & 75 Council seats are there. It have 38 districts; of which the largest one is West Champaran & the smallest one is Sheohar. There are numerous rivers flowing through this state but major ones are- 1) Ganga ; which enters Bihar through Chausa. Tributaries of Rv. Ganga are Ghaghar, Gandak, Son, Punpun, Bhagmati, Kosi, Mahananda. *In Patna, India's 3rd longest river bridge is located above Rv. Ganga - MAHATMA GANDHI SETU. *Rv Kosi changes its path overtime due to meandering process. It is popularly known as SORROW OF BIHAR because floods occuring in Rv. Kosi takes life of many & causes infrastructural damage every year.  Important lakes - Kusheshwar lake, Kanwar lake, Ghogha lake, Anupam lake. One & only National Park of Bihar is locat...

   Maharashtra is India's 2nd largest state in population & 3rd largest state by area. It have Arabian Sea on western coast & shares borders with Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Telangana, Karnataka & Goa. It have 46 Lok Sabha, 19 Rajya Sabha, 288 Assembly seats + 78 Council seats. It comprises of 36 districts. THANE is India's most populated district. Most of Maharashtra's area is under Deccan Plateau, which is a lava plateau. On its west, it have Western Ghats or Sahydri with Kalsubai peak being the highest peak in the area. Some other ranges are Satpura, Ajanta, Satmala, Balaghat & Harishchandra. *In Nashik - originates India's 2nd longest river - Godavari (Which is also known as Dakshin Ganga). Tributaries of Rv. Godavari are Pravara, Purna, Mnjira, Painganga, Wainganga, Manair, Pranhita & Indravati. *Originating from Mahabaleshwar, flows India's 3rd longest river - Krishna. Tributaries of Rv. Krishna are Bhima, Malprabha, Tungabhadra ...

Popularly known as DEV BHOOMI. Himachal Pradesh shares its borders with Ladakh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand and China. It comprises of 12 districts & 4 Lok Sabha, 3 Rajya Sabha and 68 Assembly seats are allocated. Portion of Himalayan mountain range - Himachal or Lesser Himalayas - Dhauladhar range lies here. Highest peak is SHILLA PEAK (7025 m) in Kinnaur district. Important passes - Baralacha La pass, Rohtang pass, Jalori pass. ATAL TUNNEL is located here, which is world's longest highway tunnel (Above 10,000 ft) Major Dams -  1) Chamera Dam  2) Nathpa Jhakri Dam  3) Bhakra Nangal Dam 4) Pong Dam Important Lakes - 1) Great Himalayan National Park 2) Inderkilla National Park 3) Khirganga National Park 4) Pin Valley National Park 5) Simbalbara National Park + 3 Ramsar Sites - Chandartal Wetland, Pong Dam Lake, Renuka Wetland.